Power-hammer mechanism.



S. V. HAWLINGS.

PWER HAMMER MECHANISM. APPLICAHQN min gf. 24. |913.

1 ,2 1 6,608.` Patented Feb. 20, '1917.

eEsTAVA/LABLE COP,

` SAMUEL V. RAWLINGS, 0F CALUMET, MICHIGAN.

BOWEBfHAMHER MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1917.

applicaties nica February 24, 1913. serial N0. 750,339.

To u'ZZwhom it may concern:

Beit known that I, SAMUEL V..RAwL1Nos, a citizen of the' United States, and a resident of Calumet, county of Houghton, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power Hammer Mechanism, et which the .following is a full, clear, and exact description.

`The invention relates to power hammer n lechanismV and; more particularly to power ,hammer mechanism' such as employed in machines for making and sharpening drill bits. The'invention Seelrsto provide an eii- 4cientfhammer mechanism with improved controlling means therefor and. -consists in thafeaturesof improvement'hereinafter set forth, illustrated inthe preferred form' in the,accompanyingdrawings and more par- `tieirllrrly,llrp'onted,mitin-the a pended claims. Indie-drawings, Figure 1sl an elevation ,nf'theiinproved hammer mechanlsm. Fig. -11 isna 'detail top plan view of the foot pedal )control mechanism. Fig. 2.. is a detail sec tion\. on the line-2r-2 ofvlig. 1. lFig'. 3 is a longitudinal section through theA horizontal hammer mechanism taken on; theline 3-3 ,ofi-Figi Figql is impartial lanview of theparts shownln Eig. 3;w1thparts in section'onthe line 4--41 oflig. 3. Fig. 5 is a centrahlongitudinalj section of the starting andto pingvalve similar to that shownin Fig.` 3, ut with the valvel shownin shifted position. 6 is a Sectional view of the automaticisli e valve `similar to that shown in Fig. 4.butwith thevalve shown in shift ed position. Fig. 7 is aview in elevation of the-slide valve, partsbeing in section on thelinefs-Tofi' 3.' FigLSis a sirnilar4 .viewwvith `thesli e valve shown atthe oprwsitefyend oi itsv movement. section on1thceline 9T-9fo Fig. 3. Fig. 10 .is a'view in elevation-ofthe piston. Fig. 11 is anend view thereof. Fig. 12 isa detail-view of-one erid'o'f one ofthe power cyl- :inderrockshafts. f The frame of thehammer/.L lmechanism comprisesv two cast.: metal:secti'oxnii The -hori,

` 'aontalbase section-1 isfmounted upon a base block 2 and` is securedV thereto by vertical 'machine to. the foundation.

bolts, the-latter also .serving to anchor the A vertical Vframe section Ltis..`n'1ounted, at theforward end. end onfones'de' of the horizontal base section and is bolted thereto, as shown. A horizontally acting, upsetting hammer A is mounted upon one side of the base section 1, and the4V vertically acting, swinging hammer B is mounted on the upright rame section 4. As shown, the cylinder 6 of the hammer A is bolted to the rear end of the base section, and the cylinder 8 of the hammer B is bolted to the upper end of the vertical frame section. Preferably, the frame sections are hollow and the chambers therein communicate with each other, as shown in Fig. 2, to thereby form a reservoir for the compressed air. In the form shown, the compressed air supply pipe 'd' is connected to the rar end of the base section 1.` Preferably, the upper end of the upright section 4. is provided with a tapped opening so that it, instead of the lower base section, may be connected to the air supplypipe, if desired. If the supply pipe 1s connected to the base section, as shown, the opening at the upper end of the vertical section is closed by n. plug S. The rear lower portion of the base section is also provided with a blow-ofi' pipe 9. Oil, dirt and the like are separated from the compressed air within the reservoir thus formed,

so that clean air is supplied to the hammer end of each" is bolted ai casing 10 for the `starting .andstoppng valve, and these casingsA areconnected to ,the supply reservoir 'within ftheframe by pipes- 11. Throttling cut- 05"` valves 12am-l interposedjn'the pipes lirandare actuated `by handles 13 so that "the'supp y to the power hammers may lated, asdeSired.

h cyli dergs provided with a piston 14 havin :rf-piston lconnected at its outer-,en f to'gahammer head 16. The hammer head-*ldi'sfrectangular in section `and is arrangedtoreciprocate within a corresfpondi'nglv` Shapedfgnide 17 bolted to .the rame, so that the` hammer and piston are held against oscillating movement..-

The hammer cylinder is provided with .a front head 18, at its forward end, and at its rear end with a bark head 19, valve chest 2O and back head cover 21. The back head 19 abuts against the rear end flange 22 of the cylinder and is preferably provided with a projecting portion '23 which fits within the enlarged rear end of the cylinder bore. 'Ilie valve chest :'20 is held in place between the back head and the bach` head cover. The meeting faces of these parts are machined to form a snug fit and the parts are secured together and to the rea rend fiange 22 of the cylinder by bolts 24. The bolts 24 are arranged on opposite sides` of and above the axis of the cylinder. A pair of heavier bolts 25 are arranged on opposite sides of the cylinder and suhstantiallyin the'plane of its axis. The rear ends of these. bolts extend through `the parts ronneet ed b v the bolts 2 l and their forward ends extend through lugs 2G on the forward Aend ol` the, ovlinder and lugs 27 on the fronl head IS. 'l`lie front head is preferably provided with a sleeve or bn ing 28 which surrounds the piston rod. A flanged ring' 2!) its within lhe outer end of the cylinder bore. and is held in .place by the front head 18. '1`his`rin;Ir serves to hold the packing 3() in place about the piston md 15.

The piston 14 is of eonsiderahle leingth.4 At its forward end it is provided with a suitable packing rin, r 3l. The rear end of the cylinder is provided with an axial bore 32 within which' extends a valve operating.r rock shaft 33. This r'oek shaft extends through the haelt head V15') of the cylinder and its rear end is keyed to a hub` 3J. which is moi ted. in a suitable seat foi-ined in the back head 19, -valvc eliest 20 'and (zover 21, asinostclearly shown inFig. 2j. 'l`lie forward end of the lrock shaft is provided with laterally projecting lugs 35 wliieh eigage radial eam slotsf formed in the: rear portion of the piston 14. At its ends, the, slots 36 are provided lwith longitudinally extendingrr portions 37 and 38 havingr radial side.

walls. The walls of the main portion of the .slot between the straight, longitudinal portions E57 and 38 are substantiallyhelicoidal surfaces, and the lugs 35 on the forward end of the yroek shaft are. also provided with longitudinal and inclined surfaces, as shown in Fig. 12. for engaging the correspondin;r portions of the slots. 'lhe valve operating,Ir rock shaft 533. whirh is held against longitudinal fmovenient, is thus oseillateil bal-lf and forth as the piston 14 is reeiproeated. ;\t the opposite. ends of the, movement of thepiston, the roek shaft is hohl stationary.

.'l`he huh 34 at the. rearveiul of the rock` shafiois provided with a valve o rating: crank arm 39 whieh is provide( at its upper ends with oppositely disposed lus lthe valve ca BEST AVAlLABLE COF" nieoa lll and ll. These lugs are arranged to en- Jagre a pin l2 on the back of a slide valve 41;. 'l`he valve is arranged to slide transversely between suitable guides H and 47 formed in the upper forward portion-0f the valve ehest and is provided with cavities 1. and l: on its forward face. The upper por- ,tion ot' the rear face of the back head 19 forms a seat Jor the Aslide valve 43 and is provided with a series ot' ports or passages f. and f/. which are controlled by the slide valve. It shouldbe noted that the spare between the lugs l0. and 41 on the valve operatin; lr crank arni 39 is lgreater than the diameter of the pin l2 on the haelt of the valve 43, so that there is a lost-motion eoniiection between the valve and its operatinf`r ei'ank ariu.

rlln` starting,Ir and stopping valve easing' lil is provided willi an oseillalnigwvalvev lliA having a eavil'v i in ils lower side and arranggaidy to eonlrol :i series ol three yports 1 and rl`he upper portion olY the vlinder iseoi'ed to forni the portsorfpassages the startingr valve to the `front end of the4 le'vlinder bore. 'l`lie lefthand port ,l ofthe startingr valve emniniinicates with the, pasfy sagre and the, latter communicates with a vpassage, a which extends .thwuigli'the hack head into the spaee within the valve chest.

-'l`lie haek head rover is provided at its npier' portion with a transverse. recess 47 that inereasesl the eaparitv of the space within the valve chest.

'The starting aiul stopping '\'alve is provided witli'a oranh arm 48 b v whit-.hit may l be shifted lo lstart ainl stop the operation ol' the hammer. 'lhe valve is shown in its if 2e or non-worltiiitr` position in Fig. ih ainljn its operative or working position in Iiir In the rst position` as shown, the cavity-I /i` "eonneels the portsnj and la,` andl the. port is eoiineetedy to the spare within the start ing' valve. easing'. In its operative position. the eavity Il. eonneets the ports 7.1and,"and *lie port jis eoniufeted to the. supply within I sing. i

l he back end always connected by the passage /f'ito'pthe `pdrt d which opens into the valve ehestlaiid which is controlled by the slide. valve 4? and, in the working position of thel starting and of the cyl glider jboife1 thus l Iso stopping valve, the head end of the cylinder is connected to the valve chest through the medium of the passage m, port l, cavity h of the starting and stopping valve, port k, passage n and port g. In this working position, the compressed air sup ly is connected to the valve chest through t e valve casing` 10, port j, and paages p and a'.

With the starting and stopping valve in the Working position shown inFig. 5, the operation will be as follows: With the piston at the back end of its movement, as v' shown in Fig. 3, 'the automatic slide valve 43 lwill be in the position shown in Figs. 4 and 7. The front end of the cylinder will thus be connected to the exhaust port 'r through the cavity b of the connects the ports f and g, and the back end -of the cylinder bore will he directly connected to thc space within the valve chest, since the slide valve in this position uncovers the port d. .Air under pressure will therefore he supplied to the back end of the cylinder here and the piston 14 and hammer 16 will beprojected forwardly to strike-the blow. As the piston moves forwardly, the 'lugs of the rock shaft 3,3 pass throu h fthe inclined or helicoidal portions 36 of t e slots inthe piston and the rock shaft and Si* crank arm 39 thereon are oscillated in the direction indicated hy the arrow in Fig. 7. This movement first takes up the lost motion between the lug 41 and the pin 4Q of the slide valve, but, as the piston approaches the endof its forward stroke, these parts are `brought into engagement and the valve is 'shifted to the position shown in Figs. 6 and yB.` The rear end of the cylinder bore will then be in communication with the exhaust,

since the cavity a. of the lslide valve then connects the ports d and e, and the front end of the cvlinder .bore will be connected to the supply, sincethe slide valve uncovers' the port g This shift of the valve is effected slightly before the piston reaches the end of its forward movement tb cushion the same and prevent the piston from striking violently against thee fronthead. The valve mechanism is so arranged that this shift of '50 the valve does not take place soon enough to cushion the blow. of the hammer. The piston is then moved rearwardly and the movement f of the valve operating crank" arm 39` is reversed and is then shifted in the direction gindicated by the arrow in Fi 8. As the piston approaches the rear en of its moves f, ment, the lug l0 of the crank arm engages the pin 42 and shifts the valve back to the position shown in Figs. 4 and 7. This shift 30 of the valve takes place in time to eilec- 4` tively?cushion the return` movement of the.-

piston.`

`When the starting and stopping valve 4G is in the idlc position shown in Fig. 3, the

slide valve which then:

10. The front At this time, the valve 43 is in the position shown in Fig. 4, and the rear end of the cylinder is connected to the valve chest, but, at this time, the source of supply of oompressed air to the valve chest through thc ports and passages j, o and a is cut off and communication is established betweenlthe valve chest and the exhaust, `as follows: through the passages s and o, port y', cavit h ofA the starting and stopping valve, port passage n, port g and cavity of the sliding valve. Thus, in this position of the starting and stopping valve` both the space lwithin the valve chest and the rear end of the cylinder bore arc connected to the exhaust and, since as Stated, the front end of the cylinder is connected to the source of supply, the piston is permanently held in its withdrawn osition until the starting and stopping va ve is shifted. As soon as this occurs, however, the valve chest and the rear end of the c linder are connected to'the supply and the ront end of the cylinder to `the exhaust, so that the piston at once commences its forward stroke. Thus, through the medium of the valve 46', the starting and stopping of the hammer can he very quickl controlled and when the hammer is stopped; it is in its withdrawn `position with the iston at the rear or. outer end of the cylin- The arm *1:8 of the starting and stopping valve 'on the horizontal upsetting hammer is connected by a. link 49 to a crank arm 50 on one end of a transverse rock shaft 51 which extends horizontally through the lower portion of the base section 1. 'At its opposite end, the shaft 5l is provided with a crank arm 52 which is connected by a link 53 to a bell crank 54. The latter. is connected to the frame by a pivot pin 55. The arm 48 of the starting a'od stopping valve of the vertical swa inlgl hammer is connected by a link 56 to ae c Yk 57 also mounted von the pivot pin55. .The bell cranks 54 and 57 are connected, respectively, pair of links 58 and 59 to a pair of rock arms 60 ard 6l. The rock arm 6l is fixed to a sleeve 62 which is mounted in suitable bearings 63 on a base plate 64, and the opposite end vof the sleeve is provided witha foot pedal 65. The crank arm 60 is conthe sleeve ,62 and Vis connected at its opposite end to a foot pedal 67. The front end vof the base section of the frame forms an by a,

nected to a shaft 66 which extends through siton. hriu-respomliinj starting' and stopping: valve is provided with a suitable support Til for 'holding the drill hit duriimr the swaging:

operation. The swinging is eil'eeted h v a suitahle dolly Tl mounted in a guide T2 on the hase seetio'lrol' the trame and adapted to he strut-li hv the head lt' of the horizontal swaging hanuner.

ln the normal or ventral position of the foot pedals. indieated in Fig. 1. they are in alinement and the starting aml stopping \alvesl ol' hoth rylilulers are held in the central idle position lshown in Fig. Il and hath hammers are idle aml held in retrasted po- ISr oscillatingV either l'oot. pidal the i shil'teil to throw the rorrespomliagr hammer into and out ol' operation. hut the rontrolling de\ iees are .so arranged that the l'oot. pedals must he shil'ted in opposite diri-e tionsv from normal ventral position to start. the eorrespoiuling' hammers. llenre. il' the foot pedalsl are shifted together ill one ilirertion. one ol' the .starting and stopping: halves will he -shifted to the \vorl in} r position .shown i n full lines in.Y hier. i, while the other valve will he shifted to its` extreme idle positioin indieated hy dotted linesl in Fig. if. and one of the hammersl will he thrown into operation while the other is held retl'aeted and idle. -lll the I'oot pedals are shifted together in the opposite ilireeiion. the hammer iirst in operation is .stopped and held retrarted and the other hammer is thrown into operation. 'l'he l'oot Vpedals are,

similarly arranged in normat idle position elosely adjareut eaeh other` so that` they ran he eonvenientl)r rontrolled hy one foot. ot' the operatorr and the hammers alternatelyv started :ud stopped as is frequenti)v desir- :hlo in wishing' the drill. llut it' the operator desires to rontrol hut one of the haar mers he ran do so h v plat-ing his foot only on the eorreslmnding pedal and then in .stoppingr .sui-h hammer he need not he eare- Iul to arrest the l'oot pedal in ventral posi tion sinee the return movement'J thereof he- .voml ventral position will not Start. the other hammer. 'l'he roi'ls'truetion thus provides` .simple and ell'eetive means for rontrolling.:tr

the alternate starting: and stoppirngr of hotii hammersl or the starting and stopping of one hammer and also insures that when one hammer is in operation the other eannot ho readily operated. lt should also he noted that the connections' between the footy pedals and starting and stoppin.;r valves are such that both the starting and stopping move- BEST AvAiLABLE CoP ments are positively imparted to the valves by the foot pedals and connections and it is not. neeessary to provide 'Huid pressure meansl forshifting the starting and stopping valves in either direction.

It is obvious that numerous changes may he made in the details set forth without depa rtu re from the essentials of the invention as defined in the claims. It should also he noted that. while compressed air is preferably used as the motive fluid, the hammer mechanism ean he operated by steam.

I claim as my invention:

i. ln power hammer mechanism, the romhination oi'la hollow frame forming a supply reservoir for motive fluid, a hammer operating: motor eylinder mounted on said ll'rame and connected to the supply reservoir therein. and controlling valve mechanism for said motor cylinder.

L. In lmwenhammer mechanism for drill shaping;Y maehiiies, the eomhination of a l'rame eomprising eonneeted horizontal and vertiral sei-tions having comnmnicating rhamhersl formed therein and constituting a supply reservoir for fluid under pressure, horizontally and vertieally acting hammers ha\ ing motor eylinders seelired respectively io the outer end of said horizontal frame section and the upper end of said vertieal Section. said evlinders` ronnnunieatin7 with said lesen-oir. and controllingr valves interposed in the eomlm'mirations ,between Suid reser- \oi| and said r \'linders.

Il. ln power hammer meehauism, the comhiaatiou ot a hollow east metal frame formin LY a sulpply reservoir for motive fluid, n. hammer operatingr motor eylinder mounted on said frame, .supply and blow-off pipes ronnerted to said reservoir. a pipe connecting the reservoir oi' said f'ame to Said cylinder. and a eontrolling valve interposed in .said pipe.

4. u phwer hammer mechanism for drill `shapingr maehines, the Combination of' a frame eomprising a longitudinal hase section having an anvil portion at its forward end. an upright frame seetion mounted 0n and secured to the forward end of said base sei-tion. said hase and upright sections haw ing enmmunieating chambers formed therein and 'onstituting a supply reservoir for eompressed air. snppl)Y and blow-ofi' )ipes eonumuiiratimer with said reservoir, hmzon. tally 'and vertieall \v :ii-ting?hanuners having motor ivlinders mounted on and secured respeetively to the rear end ot said base section and the upper end of said upright section` said eylinders communicating `.with said reservoir, separate starting and stopping valves interposed in said rommunications and controlling shifter mechanism for said starting and stopping valves.

5. In power hammer mechanism, the' combination with horizontally andvertically acting hammers having motor cylinders, and automatically acting distributing valves for said cylinders, of separate starting and stopping valves for said cylinders operable independently of said distributing valves, each of said starting and stopping valves having a central idle position, and mechanical controlling devices for simultaneously and positively shifting said starting and stopping valves, one to starting position and the other to its extreme idle position. N

6. .In power hammer mechanism, the cpmbination with horizontally and,` vertically acting hammers having motor 'cylinder-sg of separate starting and stopping devices for said cylinders, a pair of controlling shifters similarly arranged in normalfidle position closely adjacent each other and each movable in opposite directions therefrom, and means actuated by said `shilters for moving the corresponding starting and stopping devices to working position as said Shifters are moved respectively in opposite directions from normal position.

7. In power hammer mechanism, the combination with horizontally and vertically acting hammers having motor cylinders, of

se arate starting and stopping valves forA sald cylinders, a pair of controlling foot pedals similarly arranged in normal idle position closely adjacent each other to be operated either simultaneously or independently by the operators oot,said foot pedals being movable in opposite directions therefrom, and means actuated by said oot pedals for moving the corresponding starting and stopping valves to working position as said pedals are moved in opposite directions from normal position.

8. In power hammer mechanism, the combination with horizontallyT and vertically acting hammers having motor cylinders, of yseparate starting and stopping valves for said cylinders, two coneentrically mounted rock shafts connected respectively to said starting and stopping valves to move the l latter to idle and working positions, adjacent Shifters fixed to said rock shafts, said shifters being arranged, when moved in opposite directions, to move the corresponding valves to working position.

9. In power hammer mechanism, the combination with horizontally and vertically acting hammers having motor cylinders,

separate starting and stopping valves for said cylinders, an oscillating sleeve, connections between said sleeve and one ofi said starting and stopping valves, a rock shaft concentrically mounted within said. sleeve, connections between said rock shaft and the other of said starting and stopping valves and a pair of adjacent foot pedals mounted on .said rock shaft and said sleeve.

BEST AvArLABLE ccf:

10. In power hammer mechanism, the combination with horizontally and vertically acting hammers having motor cylinders, of separate valves for starting and stopping the operation of said motor cylinders, a pair of controlling foot pedals, one for each of said valves, said pedals being similarly arranged vin normal idle position in opposite directions, to impart starting movements to the corresponding valves.

11. In power hammer mechanism, the combination with horizontally and vertically acting hammers having motor cylinders, of separate starting and stopping valves for said cylinders, said valves each having a central idle position, a pair of controlling foot pedals similarly arranged in normal idle position closely adjacent each other to be operated either simultaneously or separately by the operators foot, and mechanical connections between each of said foot pedals and the corresponding valve arranged to positively impart starting and stopping movements totlue valve as the foot pedal is oscillated in opposite directions, said pedals and connections being arranged, when shifted in the same direction, to positively move said starting and stopping valves in opposite directions, one to its extreme idle position and the other to its working position.

12. In power hammer mechanism, the combination Iwith horizontally and vertically acting hammers having motor cylinders, separate starting and stopping valves in said cylinders, and a pair of adjacent controlling foot pedals, one for each of said starting and stopping valves, each oi. said foot pedals being monnted'to oscillate in opposite directions to move the corresponding valves to idle and "workin Vpositions, and said pedals being a nge ,when shifted in the same direction, o move said starting and stopping valves in opposite directions, one to idle and the other to working position.

13. In` power hammer mechanism, the combination with horizontally7 and vertically acting hannncrs having motor cylinders, separate starting and stopping valves for said cylinders, a pair of adjacent, oscillating foot pedals and o erating connections between said foot pc als and said starting and stopping valves, cach of BEST AVILMBLE COPY said foot pedals being mounted to oscillate in opposite directions to shift the correspondlng valves to idle und working positions, and said foot pedals and connections 5 being arranged to shift one of said valves t idle and the other to working position when said foot pedals are moved in the samx 

